Chrysalidocarpus (Chrysalidocarpus) is an ornamental palm tree, very popular among flower growers due to the exotic beauty of the leaves and undemanding care. This is a tropical heliophyte, that is, a light-loving plant, originally from the Comoros and Madagascar. The name translates as "golden fruit", in Greek "chryseus" and karpos". Belongs to the palm family and the type genus Arekov.
Chrysalidocarpus in nature has about 20 species, for breeding in room conditions only one of them is cultivated - Yellowish Chrysalidocarpus. Palms from the genus Arecaceae are both single-stemmed and multi-stemmed bushy plants with straight, non-branching, smooth shoots, growing to more than 10 m in height. It has carved pinnate leaves, long and wide, paired, 40-60 pieces per stem. Numerous stems of chrysalidocarpus form a lush crown, the beauty of which will add charm to any interior.
Location and lighting
Accustomed to the tropical sun, the Chrysalidocarpus plant tolerates heat and bright light well. Pots with a plant can be safely placed on the southern and southeastern windows, but in summer it is better to shade them from the midday heat.
Too much lighting can harm the leaves, they begin to bend and curl, and turn yellow and die from the resulting burns. Young palms are especially sensitive to excessive light, but after the age of six, chrysalidocarpus are more resistant, and react only with yellowed leaves.
To maintain symmetry, 1-2 times a month, the palm tree needs to be rotated around its axis by 180 gardus.
Temperature
Warm air is optimal at 22-25 degrees in the summer months, in winter it is slightly lower - about 18-23 degrees, but not less than 16 degrees. The older the plant, the calmer it reacts to changes or lower temperatures. However, drafts should be avoided.
Air humidity
Humidity in a room with a growing chrysalidocarpus should be high. In the summer months it is necessary to provide the plant with regular spraying with soft, clean water, and wipe the leaves with a damp cloth or sponge. In winter and autumn, you can not spray.
Watering
For good growth and development of a palm tree, it must be watered abundantly enough, but not allowing excess moisture. It is unacceptable to use hard and chlorinated water, only settled or bottled. In the autumn-winter period, watering is reduced, allowing the substrate to dry out, but not overdrying.
The soil
The soil for chrysalidocarpus should be acidic or neutral, well-drained. This is a mixture of clay-turf (2 parts), humus-leaf (2 parts), peat (1 part) soil with the addition of coarse sand (1 part) and charcoal (1 part). Ready store soil for palm trees is also suitable.
Top dressings and fertilizers
Chrysalidocarpus need to be fertilized throughout the year. In spring and summer, 2 times a month with special dressings for palm trees or ordinary fertilizers for decorative leafy plants. In autumn and winter - less often, 1 time per month is enough. Additional foliar top dressing with microelements is carried out monthly during the growing season.
Transfer
For a successful transplant, it is necessary to save an earthen clod, part of the roots can be cut with a sharp knife for better placement in a new pot. Drainage is replaced, part of the earth is filled up. The best time to transplant is mid-spring. Young palms are transshipped annually, older specimens - 1 time in 3-4 years.
Chrysalidocarpus can reproduce in two ways - seeds and basal processes.
Reproduction by seeds
In order to propagate chrysalidocarpus with seeds, you must first soak them for 2-4 days. For soaking the seeds, a solution of sulfuric acid or ordinary warm water (about 30 degrees) is used. The optimum germination temperature is 25-30 degrees, at lower temperatures, seedlings will appear much later. For the growth of seedlings, a well-lit, moist place is required; after the appearance of the first leaflet, they are transplanted into small pots. young plants will appear in about 3-4 months.
Reproduction by basal shoots
In a vegetative way, chrysalidocarpus can reproduce at any time of the year. With the help of a sharp knife, a shoot is separated at the base of the plant, which already has a small root, and is planted in moist soil. The optimal landing time is spring and summer.
The plant can be affected by fungal infections of the genus Helminthosporia - dark spots with a yellow rim appear on the leaves all over the leaf, subsequently forming significant necrotic areas. This leads to damage, including new, healthy leaves.
How to fight: the disease manifests itself on those plants that are often sprayed. To eliminate the disease, it is necessary to treat the chrysalidocarpus with a fungicidal solution and stop excessive moisture and watering.
The worms can infect the leaves from below, damaging them and causing yellowing. How to fight: wipe the leaves with alcohol and treat with an insecticidal preparation.
If the leaves dry and yellow dots appear on them, these are mites. How to fight: an acaricide is applied, and the humidity in the room rises.
Growing problems
- The ends of the leaves dry and darken - dry air and substrate; low temperature and mechanical damage.
- The leaves turn yellow - too much sun; irrigation needs to be increased.
- The leaves are covered with brown spots - the soil is waterlogged; a sharp temperature drop; watering with hard or tap water.
- Darkened foliage on the whole plant - too abundant watering; decay signal.
- The ends of the leaves are brown - too dry air; low air temperature; lack of moisture.
Chrysalidocarpus yellowish (Chrysalidocarpus lutescens)
This type of palm got its name for the yellow-orange stems, densely branching at the base. Leaves of almost the same shade, the so-called fronds, can reach almost a meter wide and up to 2 m long. Furrowed elongated petioles have a scaly dark cover that disappears with the age of the plant.
Yellowish chrysalidocarpus, characteristic of other species of this genus, does not give yellow fruits, in rare cases dark purple ones appear on it, which practically does not occur under room conditions.
Chrysalidocarpus Madagascar (Chrysalidocarpus madagascariensis)
Palm tree with one trunk 20-30 cm in diameter and clearly defined rings on it. It grows more than 8 m, pinnate smooth leaves are arranged in bunches, about 2 cm wide and up to 40 cm long. Branched inflorescence in leaf axils up to 50 cm long. Can be kept in warm rooms.
Chrysalidocarpus - palm care
At the moment, chrysalidocarpus - (Chrysalidocarpus Lutascens) - is one of the most popular plants among lovers of decorative palms.
This popularity is explained by the fact that, despite its exotic origin, chrysalidocarpus, which is not difficult to care for, is not a rather capricious plant.
Chrysalidocarpus care and features
Chrysalidocarpus belongs to the genus of areca palms. In its homeland, on the territory of the Comoros and Madagascar, this genus has twenty species. Only one of them acts as a home plant - Chrysalidocarpus yellowish.
This plant got its name because of the yellow tint of the stems. The palm leaves themselves are very juicy green. Their shape resembles feathers, and many stems that begin to branch at the rhizome make the plant voluminous and fluffy.
Chrysalidocarpus is yellowish, only one species of this genus of palms that grows at home. It can reach 1.5 -2 meters.
The maximum height that chrysalidocarpus can reach in a city apartment or office reaches one and a half to two meters.
Chrysalidocarpus Care at home. plant location
The ideal place to keep chryhalidocarpus in the house would be a room with south-facing windows, but it is important to observe one condition here: in the summer, the plant must be covered from direct sunlight from 11 am to 3 pm.
Over time, the palm tree can be moved to rooms with a northern location, as the plant adapts perfectly to partial shade. In the first hours after buying a plant, it is not recommended to immediately expose it to the bright sun. It would be better if it gets used to the light climate of the room a little, otherwise the palm leaves will get burned.
It is necessary to regularly, (about once a week), turn the flower 180 degrees so that the symmetry of the arrangement of the leaves is preserved. Particular attention should be paid to the temperature regime of the room in which the palm tree will grow. The most comfortable chrysalidocarpus - care for which is not difficult, feels at a temperature of 18 to 23 degrees. But in the summer, these figures should be higher: 23-25 degrees.
For a prosperous existence, a constant supply of fresh air is necessary. An open window or an open window will suffice. But not in the immediate vicinity, as this can lead to a decrease in the permissible temperature thresholds. You should also protect the palm tree from drafts.
Chrysalidocarpus Care. Content Rules
One of the important conditions for the proper maintenance of this plant is regular watering. In this regard, chrysalidocarpus is very capricious. In particular, the water that is best to moisten the soil should be bottled or filtered. If the use of running water is supposed to be used, then it must first be defended for a day. This is due to the fact that this plant is very sensitive to various impurities and chlorine.
Chrysalidocarpus should be watered only when the soil remains dry for one or two days. In other words, the soil in a pot with a plant should not be constantly moistened: it is necessary to wait for a slight drying. If you water the plant too often, then its roots can begin to rot and the plant dies. During watering, avoid getting water on the base of the stems. And excess water must be removed from the pan 2-3 hours after watering. Also, the soil should not be allowed to dry out.
The lack of moisture leads to the death of the leaves and the plant cannot be saved.
Chrysalidocarpus Care and watering
Like any tropical plant, chrysalidocarpus requires additional care, the most important thing is moisture. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly, once every 2 days, spray palm leaves from a spray bottle. For this I use the same water as for irrigation - bottled or purified. Adult palm trees (4-6 years old) on hot summer days can be sprayed 1-2 times per season from the shower. But this must be done carefully, controlling the pressure of the water so that the stems and leaves are not damaged. After such moistening of the leaves, it is necessary to remove excess water.
For this, a flap of soft, well-absorbing moisture fabric is suitable. As the leaves and stems of the palm tree grow, they can dry out and must be removed with sharp scissors or a knife, cutting them off at the very base, in no case damaging the trunk of the palm tree. This will ensure the fastest growth of new, young stems. But it is worth remembering that you need to trim only completely dead leaves. And the leaves, slightly yellowed or dried up, must be left, since until a certain time they remain a source of nutrients for the whole plant.
Transplant and top dressing
With proper care, chrysalidocarpus grows very quickly and as the pot is filled with the roots of the plant, it must be transplanted. This should be done in the spring, from the end of March to mid-April, no more than once every 2 years. Each time, the container for transplanting palm trees should be 1-2 sizes larger.
And it is better to use tall pots for this, since the root system of chrysalidocarpus is vertical.
If the care is correct, it grows quickly. Requires a transplant as the pot is filled with roots. It is necessary to carry out a transplant in the period of late March - early April. But not more than twice a year.
It is very important to provide chrysalidocarpus with additional nutrients. It is better to feed him from the beginning of March to the end of September. It is better to use a special complex fertilizer for palm trees for this. As a rule, it is liquid and is added to water for irrigation at the rate of 10 ml per 1 liter of water.
Feeding frequency - 2-3 times a month. Sometimes there is a need for foliar feeding of the plant. For this purpose, you should also use special fertilizer complexes designed for indoor plants. The need for additional fertilizer may arise when the soil for chrysalidocarpus is not properly formulated.
A properly formulated mixture for keeping this plant should include pumice, pine bark, crushed dolomite or pebbles, perlite and charcoal, taken in equal parts. The main component of the soil mixture - coarse peat - is taken in an amount equal to two parts. One tenth of bone meal is also added to this mixture.
Since the degree of soil moisture should not be too high when growing chrysalidocarpus, all components for the soil mixture should not have a soft structure, otherwise excess water during irrigation will linger in the soil, which threatens to become waterlogged.
In general, the soil for chrysalidocarpus, as for many ornamental palms, should have a neutral acidity or be acidic. Ideal pH indicators are 6.0-7.5.
Chrysolidocarpus Care and Disease
With improper care or a lack of useful trace elements, the plant may begin to wither. For example, stopping the growth of a palm tree indicates a nitrogen deficiency in the soil. Necrosis of the leaf edge, as well as the appearance of pale yellow and orange spots on older leaves, indicates a lack of magnesium and potassium.
Manganese deficiency is primarily reflected in young leaves: they do not develop quickly enough, the stems are sluggish, necrotic stripes appear on the leaves. Necrotic spots also appear with zinc deficiency.
A common cause of Chrysolidocarpus disease is the increased acidity of the soil.
All this indicates a high acidity of the soil. The solution to the problem is to mix a small amount of ash or lime into the soil. At the same time, you need to regularly check the acidity of the soil and ensure that the pH is below 7. Foliar fertilizers will also help solve the problem. But both do not lead to a quick result.
Often, in violation of the temperature regime, namely at low temperatures (16-17 degrees), the growth and development of the plant may slow down or stop. This leads to a slowdown in root activity, which means that nutrients do not enter the plant in full.
To solve this problem, it is necessary to provide the necessary temperature conditions for chrysalidocarpus. For several days, the soil temperature should be 25-27 degrees. Excessive watering can cause leaf edge burns. But these symptoms appear after the root system has suffered. To help the plant, you need to introduce a substrate into the soil or transplant the plant into a completely renewed soil mixture. At the same time, it is necessary to strictly monitor the volume and quality of irrigation.
reproduction
Chrysalidocarpus can be propagated in two ways: by seed and by cutting off shoots.
In the first case, the seeds of the plant must be soaked in warm water for 2-3 days. Then the seeds are sown in soft peat soil. During this period, it is very important that the temperature regime be within 27-30 degrees. To do this, you can sow the seeds in a mini-greenhouse. Watering should be carried out as the soil dries up, but without waiting for it to dry out.
From the moment of sowing to the appearance of the first sprouts, most often a month and a half passes. But if the temperature regime is not observed, the germination time increases two to three times. After the appearance of the first sprouts, you can start feeding, but not more than once every three months. For this, complex liquid fertilizer for indoor plants or special fertilizer for palm trees is also used.
Calculation of fertilizer per 1 liter of water - 5 ml. Lighting for seedlings should not be too bright, diffused light is best. You can transplant seedlings into pots after the appearance of the first full-fledged stems.
The second method of propagation, vegetative, is good in that it can be used at any time of the year, while propagation by seeds can only be done in late autumn. So, only a very bushy plant is suitable for reproduction in this way. The process is removed at the very base with a thin curved knife.
It is very important not to damage the main stems. Having cut off a small process, it is cleaned of leaves and lubricated with a cut site, first lubricated with a fungicide, and then a root formation stimulator is applied. As for the cut on the mother plant, it must be dried for two to three days.
The shoot is planted in the substrate. It is best to use coarse sand for this. Watering should be regular, the temperature is within 27-29 degrees, the light regime is partial shade. The roots of the plant are fixed in a period of up to 3 months.
Chrysalidocarpus is an elegant palm tree that can often be found in apartments, offices. A beautiful plant in the homeland is used in folk medicine. A moisture-loving flower improves the atmosphere around, eliminating the uncomfortable dryness of the air.
The name chrysalidocarpus in Greek means "golden fruit". The palm tree, undemanding to care, quickly adapts to home conditions. In order for a lush tropical guest to take root, it is necessary to choose the optimal growing mode.
Description of culture
The birthplace of a perennial from the Arekov family is hot Madagascar, the Comoros. Because of the unusual appearance, the natives call the plant a butterfly palm. The reed culture develops both as a single-stem and as a dense bush of several boles.
Depending on the variety, the foliage resembles a huge feathery fan or a drooping brush with fingers. Each petiole has 40 pairs of lanceolate petals with cuts at the top. Volumetric crown harmoniously fits into the interior of the room. The culture develops slowly: the annual growth does not exceed 30 cm.
In the wild, representatives of the species reach 10 m in height. With proper care, chrysalidocarpus at home does not go beyond two meters. Flowering occurs in May-June, although the event is rare in the domestic climate. Berries are tied from self-pollinating buds. The seeds are very poisonous, and if they enter the stomach, they destroy the mucous membrane.
Popular types of palm
There are more than 20 varieties of tropical beauty, but not all are adapted for an apartment. To avoid difficulties in growing, it is necessary to choose resistant plants. Among the popular flower growers, two types have been identified.
lutescens or chrysalidocarpus yellowish- This is a bushy palm, forming up to five trunks. The orange stems are clustered at the base, and each branch is dotted with speckled, grooved foliage. With proper care at home, the scaly petiole grows up to half a meter. Axillary flowering in the form of a brush with small buds, forming dark purple fruits.
Chrysalidocarpus Madagascar- This is a single-stemmed species, reaching a height of 9 m. A thick, smooth stem with noticeable rings does not expand at the base. Shiny beam-like plates exceed 40 cm in diameter. Large axillary inflorescences-brushes grow up to 60 cm.
Growing conditions and care
Proper agricultural practices are the basis of tropical palm cultivation. To prevent the plant from getting sick, it is necessary to maintain a natural microclimate. Caring for a perennial is elementary, understandable even to beginner flower growers.
Location and lighting
Chrysalidocarpus areca at home loves bright light, but does not tolerate intense rays on the crown. Plant pots are placed on the southeast windows. In the summer afternoon, professionals recommend light shading with a curtain. Bright ultraviolet burns the delicate green of a young palm tree, leaving ugly spots, causing the plates to twist. With a strong defeat, the foliage turns yellow, dies. Six-year-old specimens are more resistant to heat than young seedlings.
At home, chrysalidocarpus should be regularly turned in different directions. A tropical flower will form a symmetrical crown, will not stretch towards the sun. The procedure is important for young, actively gaining green mass plants.
Temperature
A comfortable microclimate in the apartment, office is maintained within + 18-24 ° С. In summer, the areca palm feels great at + 25 ° C, although it will endure heat above + 30 ° C. The culture in the heat “falls asleep” during the day, and actively forms foliage at night.
Representatives of the species do not have a characteristic dormant period. When caring for chrysalidocarpus in winter at home, it is not necessary to artificially lower the temperature or create sharp fluctuations. Since autumn, the flower is gradually accustomed to + 16 ° C, but not allowing a critical + 13 ° C. Tropical palm does not like cold drafts, flows from the air conditioner.
Air humidity
Chrysalidocarpus areca flower develops at increased humidity (from 60%). To maintain a natural microclimate, it is necessary to regularly spray the foliage from a small spray bottle. In winter, keeping near heating devices is contraindicated. A portable humidifier will help improve the condition of the bush.
In summer, caring for chrysalidocarpus at home is supplemented by bathing in the shower. Two procedures a month will relieve dryness, wash off dust from glossy leaves. Since autumn, ablution is contraindicated, so the dirt from the plates is removed with a damp sponge.
The soil
Areca palm prefers acidic or neutral soil. In alkaline soil, the culture does not absorb trace elements well. The substrate for the plant provides good aeration of the roots, quick drainage of excess fluid. In good soil, moisture flows out of the drainage holes in a few seconds. At home, additives will help improve the characteristics of the finished mixture for chrysalidocarpus:
- coarse sand;
- broken expanded clay;
- pebbles;
- perlite;
- charcoal.
Due to stagnant water in a pot, the plant rots. The abundance of peat, clay soil reduce drainage, so the finished substrate for seedlings is contraindicated. Flower growers advise special mixtures marked "For palm trees", which are improved with components of a large fraction.
Landing, transfer
Proper care of the areca chrysalidocarpus involves regular renewal of the land. Young specimens are transplanted every 12 months, and mature ones need only one spring procedure in three years. Adult palm trees are transferred to new dishes by transshipment or 3 cm of the old substrate are removed.
For planting chrysalidocarpus, choose a stable pot with large drainage holes. Broken expanded clay, a nutrient mixture are poured onto the bottom. The plant is carefully removed, the roots are examined, the affected ones are cut off. After the event, the container with the flower is abundantly moistened, transferred to the window sill with diffused light. To reduce stress, it is necessary to treat the bush with Epin's solution.
Watering, feeding
Irrigation is an important component in home care for chrysalidocarpus. The areca palm is watered abundantly and often, after an hour the remaining liquid is removed from the pan. Before the procedure, the soil is already drying to a depth of 2 cm. In autumn and winter, moisture is gradually reduced. The tropical bush is afraid of alkalization, so warm filtered or settled water is used with the addition of a few crystals of citric acid.
Fertilizer is applied during the growing season - from March to the end of September. Feed every three weeks, stop for the winter. Suitable complex mineral preparations for deciduous plants, diluted according to the instructions.
Reproduction methods
To get a young copy of the chrysalidocarpus palm tree, you do not need to buy expensive seedlings. With proper care, the culture is easy to propagate at home. The best time for operations is March-April.
seeds
Seeding is a long, troublesome method favored by professionals. If the rules are followed, then the seedlings hatch in three months. Planting material is soaked in warm liquid for 3 days. At home, the seeds are buried in a container with earth, grown in a greenhouse on a sunny windowsill. Instances with two adult leaves are seated in separate pots.
basal processes
Vegetative propagation is available in early spring-summer. Children are separated from the mother bush with a sharp knife, the wound is sprinkled with charcoal powder. Chrysalidocarpus palm is fixed in a bowl with soil, placed in partial shade. The temperature is maintained at + 27-29 ° C, regularly moistened and ventilated.
Diseases and pests
A tropical guest at home often suffers from fungi. Wet earth with a cold content provokes the occurrence of diseases leading to rotting of the roots. Signs appear in the form of spots on the foliage, gradually turning into necrosis. Irrigation with a fungicide solution will help cure the disease.
Spider mites are dangerous pests that multiply rapidly. Invasion symptoms are light dots on greenery, thin threads between branches. Arthropods do not like high humidity, repeated alternating treatments with chemicals ("Neoron", "Fitoverm").
Difficulties in growing
If the palm tree chrysalidocarpus dries, then it is necessary to reconsider agricultural technology. Dead tips are often a sign of lack of irrigation and dry air. Maintenance at low temperatures, mechanical damage to the roots after transplantation provokes the appearance of ugly defects.
Family: Arecaceae (Arecaceae).
Homeland: Madagascar, Tropical Asia, Oceania.
Flowering: does not bloom in room culture.
- Chrysalidocarpus Lutescens
Chrysalidocarpus yellowish (Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Wendl). Synonym: Dypsis yellowing (Dypsis lutescens (H. Wendl) Beentje J. Dransf).
Chrysalidocarpus Madagascar (Chrysalidocarpus madagascariensis Becc). Synonym: Madagascar Dypsis (Dypsis madagascariensis (Becc) Beentje & J. Dransf).
Lighting
Optimum lighting - diffused sunlight. Chrysalidocarpus tolerates partial shade. Direct sunlight is allowed with one restriction: in the period from May to July, from 11-00 to 15-00, shade from direct sunlight.
With excessive lighting, the leaf begins to curl, sunburn appears on the leaf plate. Young palm trees (up to 5-6 years old) are highly sensitive to direct sunlight. Under their influence, the leaves quickly turn yellow and die. From six years and older, chrysalidocarpus is less sensitive to direct sunlight: the leaf will brighten, but will not die.
In order for the plant to maintain symmetry, every two weeks, it is recommended to rotate it around its axis by 180 degrees. The appearance of yellow or brown spots in the summer indicates excessive lighting.
Temperature
Chrysalidocarpus, over 10 years old, withstands short-term temperature drops to -6 0 C. Its leaves tolerate short-term temperature drops to 0 0 C. Long-term temperature drops to 0 0 C will seriously damage or even destroy the plant.
For two weeks, chrysalidocarpus can withstand temperatures of 13-18 0 C without any problems.
Optimal temperature for development: 21-24 0 С.
Minimum average temperature: 13 0 С.
Air humidity
Drafts cause damage to the leaves, reducing the decorative effect of the palm.
The optimum humidity is high.
Watering
VIDEO: Palm transplant at home.
When transplanting / transshipping, it is absolutely impossible to bury a palm tree. After transplanting, the soil level marked on the palm trunk should match the soil level before transplanting. It is also necessary to choose the right size of the pot - it is unacceptable to plant a small plant in a large pot, this mistake of flower growers is one of the most common.
Fertilizer
Top dressing is carried out from April to August with fertilizer for indoor plants. The frequency of top dressing is once every two weeks. The optimal ratio N-P-K=9-3-6.
Monthly, during the growing season, we carry out foliar top dressing with microelements.
Common Nutrient Deficiency Problems
Nitrogen. Deficiency symptoms - the palm leaf turns light green, the plant stops growing.
Potassium. Potassium deficiency is perhaps the most common and serious in terms of consequences. Symptoms occur primarily on older leaves and appear as translucent yellow or orange spots on leaf blades. Edge necrosis appears on the leaves. Later, the leaf dries and curls.
Magnesium. As with potassium deficiency, symptoms first appear on older leaves: a wide light yellow stripe along the edge of the leaf blade.
Manganese. Symptoms appear only on new leaves in the form of unexpressed chlorosis. The leaf develops weak, smaller than it should be, with large necrotic streaks. Manganese deficiency is caused, first of all, by the insolubility of the element at high pH or low soil temperatures during the cold season.
Zinc. Symptoms - small necrotic spots.
Leaf pruning
Trim: dead leaves. When pruning, be careful not to damage the trunk of the palm tree.
Do not cut: leaves that have partially changed their color to yellow or brown. The reason is that a palm tree draws nutrients from dying leaves.
Reproduction of chrysalidocarpus
Reproduction by seeds
Seeds are soaked for 10 minutes in a solution of sulfuric acid. Germination period is 6 weeks. Optimum temperature for seed germination: 27-30 0 C. Lower temperatures will increase germination time by 100-200%.
Long-term storage at low humidity and low temperature is detrimental to germination.
The lighting required for seedlings is partial shade. Top dressing - 1 time in three months with complex fertilizer 5g / l, with a ratio of N-P-K = 19-6-12. Transplantation is carried out after one leaf is formed.
Vegetative method, separation of shoots
In this way, chrysalidocarpus reproduces at any time of the year. Plants that are grown in high humidity conditions will grow into multiple stems. If the palm tree is placed in places with dry air, then the offspring will not form.
One of the disadvantages of this method is that almost all offspring are twisted.
The shoots are usually at ground level, next to the main stem. Use shoots 30 cm in height. With a sharp knife (with a curved blade) in the place of narrowing, without damaging the main trunk, we separate the process. We cut off all the leaves from the shoot. We dry the place of the cut on the mother plant for two days. We treat the lower cut of the layering with a fungicide, then with a root formation stimulator. We plant the cutting in the substrate: coarse perlite or coarse sand (fraction more than 3 mm). Watering. Rooting conditions: temperature - not lower than 27 0 C (optimal 29 0 C); lighting - penumbra; the substrate is slightly damp. Rooting period - 3 months.
Chrysalidocarpus - diseases
1) Helminthosporium - leaf spot (Bipolaris, Exserohilum rostratum, Phaeotrichoconis crotalariae).
Symptoms: Reddish-brown to black spots or streaks that occur throughout the leaf blade. A yellow halo (margin) often surrounds the affected areas. Under optimal conditions for disease development, lesions coalesce and form large, irregularly shaped necrotic areas on the leaf. Sometimes a healthy new leaf may be completely covered with necrotic lesions.
Disease control. The disease practically does not appear on plants that are not sprayed with water. Also, to control the disease, the plant needs the maximum allowable illumination for this type.
2) Root rots and wilts - Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Pythium and Phytophthora spp. Control methods are described in detail in the "Diseases" section.
3) Sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia homeocarpa). Seeds and crops are affected.
leaf care
If splashes of water during irrigation have contaminated the leaf of chrysalidocarpus, then it can be cleaned with a flannel moistened with a 5% solution of oxalic acid, followed by a warm shower and wiping the leaf dry.
The use of chemical cleaners is not desirable - the likelihood of leaf chlorosis is high.
Physiological problems
1) Stopping growth. Symptoms: weak or absent growth, leaf chlorosis, especially the lower ones.
Control: soil temperature should be maintained at 25-27 0 C. The main growth of palm roots stops at 16-17 0 C, root activity slows down, so that nutrient absorption is reduced. This decrease in absorption may not be uniform, which is why some micronutrient deficiencies occur in cold weather.
2) Chlorosis of young leaves. The reason is a lack of nutrients.
Symptoms: high pH of the medium can cause manganese and iron deficiencies, can lead to interveinal chlorosis of young leaves. When the situation worsens, chlorotic tissues turn into necrotic spots.
Control: keeping the soil pH below 7. Applying foliar fertilizers with appropriate substances will correct the problem, the result will usually not be quick.
3) Edge burn of leaves.
Chrysalidocarpus is sensitive to waterlogged or poorly aerated soils. Marginal leaf burn usually occurs relatively soon after root damage begins. It is necessary to change the soil substrate (complete or partial), in parallel watering is reduced.
4) Magnesium deficiency.
First, chlorosis of the lower leaves appears. Symptoms develop at the edge of the leaf and progress to the inside of the leaf blade. This is a fairly common problem.
Problem control:
- possible low temperature of the content;
- carry out foliar feeding with magnesium sulfate;
- carry out root dressing with magnesium sulfate.
5) Fluorotoxicity. Symptoms: the tips of the leaves die off, turn brown.
Avoid known sources of fluoride, especially superphosphate, which is used in many potting mix recipes.
6) Copper toxicity. Symptoms: Elliptical spots on leaf feathers that look a bit like fungal leaf spots.
Avoid using fungicides containing copper. The concentration of copper used in mixed microfertilizers is not considered a potential problem when used at recommended rates.
7) Boron toxicity. Brown spots on the leaf blade can be caused by an excess of boron in the soil or in irrigation water.
To eliminate the problem, it is necessary to flush the soil with plenty of water.
8) The tips of the lower leaves turn brown and die. The reason is the salinization of the soil mixture due to excessive top dressing.
9) The appearance of yellow or brown spots in the summer. The reason is excessive lighting.
10) The palm leaf curls, straw-colored spots appear on the leaf plate. The reason is excessive lighting.
11) The whole plant darkens, signs of decay appear. The reason is frequent watering.
12) The tips of the leaves die off, older leaves turn yellow. The reason is rare watering.
13) The palm leaf turns light green, the plant stops growing. The reason is nitrogen deficiency.
14) Bronze-colored spots appear on the leaf plate. Symptoms occur primarily on older leaves and usually appear as translucent yellow or orange spots. Edge necrosis appears on the leaves, later the leaf dries up and curls. Leaves and veins turn orange. The reason is potassium deficiency.
15) Unexpressed chlorosis occurs on new leaves. The leaf develops weak, smaller than it should be, and with large necrotic streaks.
The reason is manganese deficiency. This deficiency is caused primarily by the insolubility of the element at high pH or low soil temperatures.
16) Small necrotic spots. The reason is zinc deficiency.
Pests
Mealybug, spider mite, scale insect, whitefly, thrips. Control methods are described in the "Pests" section.
Articles
Indoor flower chrysalidocarpus (dipsis) is a genus of the same name of perennial plants of the Palm family, growing in Madagascar and on the islands of the Comoros archipelago. The genus name comes from two Greek words: chryseus - golden and carpos - fruit. Unfortunately, the bright yellow elliptical berries of chrysalidocarpus can only be admired in nature, as in captivity it sets fruits reluctantly and is cultivated in pot culture solely for the sake of beauty. Indoors, this graceful plant, known locally as the butterfly palm, is perfect: it is unpretentious, does not take up much space and looks great in any interior, evoking pleasant thoughts of a vacation on a tropical beach.
Conditions of detention
By its nature, chrysalidocarpus is a heliophyte plant, that is, a great lover of sunlight and heat, so it is recommended to place a tub with a palm tree near the south or southeast window. However, young specimens will have to be shaded from direct rays with a thin curtain or paper. Over time, palm leaves become more rigid and sunburn is no longer a threat to them. But chrysalidocarpus of any age are afraid of drafts and the proximity of heating devices - be sure to take this into account when looking for a cozy place for an exotic handsome man. On cloudy days and in the evening, a fluorescent lamp must be turned on above the plant, providing it with a long (at least 12 hours) daylight hours.
In the spring-summer period, chrysalidocarpus feels comfortable at a moderate temperature - from +22 to +25 ° C, in autumn and winter the temperature from +18 to +23 ° C will be optimal.
Basic care
Don't be put off by the exotic origins of your tropical ward. Caring for chrysalidocarpus is not particularly difficult:
- In the warm season, the palm tree is plentifully and often watered with soft water, preventing the earthen clod from drying out. In winter, watering is reduced to 3-4 times a week, allowing the substrate to dry out a few centimeters deep.
- In the summer months and in winter, with the heating turned on, the crown of chrysalidocarpus is sprayed 2-3 times a day. To wash off the dust from the foliage, the palm tree is bathed every 3-4 weeks in the shower or exposed to warm summer rain. If the plant is kept in a cool room, it is not necessary to spray water over it; it is enough to periodically wipe the leaves with a damp sponge.
- From mid-April to the end of August, chrysalidocarpus is fed every 2 weeks, alternating special mineral fertilizers for palm trees with organic infusions. In autumn and winter, top dressing is carried out at intervals of 4-5 weeks. The palm tree consumes nutrients quickly, so it is undesirable to violate the fertilizer application schedule.
- For uniform leaf growth, the flowerpot with the plant should be periodically rotated 180 ° relative to the light source.
Sometimes, responding to competent care, indoor palm trees of the Chrysalidocarpus genus bloom and even bear fruit. However, this phenomenon can be considered more a miracle than a pattern. If your pet nevertheless decided to throw out a dense arrow, spray it on the leaves with a solution of "Zircon" - this will help preserve the vitality of the plant during flowering.
Transplant rules
Until the age of three to five years, chrysalidocarpus is recommended to be transplanted every spring, in the future, the procedure is carried out every 2-3 years. Transshipment of large adult specimens is carried out as needed, but not more often than after 5 years. The nutrient substrate for a young plant is made up of clay-turf, humus-leaf, peat soil, coarse sand and charcoal (2: 2: 2: 1: 1). Adult chrysalidocarpus are recommended to be transplanted into a mixture of soddy, compost and leafy soil, diluted with a small amount of sand (2: 1: 1: 0.5). So that the roots of the palm tree do not rot, a thick layer of drainage material (pebbles, broken brick, expanded clay) must be laid on the bottom of the planting tank.
Like all indoor palms, chrysalidocarpus is very difficult to transplant and recovers for a long time after it, therefore, during the adaptation period, an exotic pet needs maximum attention. 3-4 months after transplantation, the plant begins to feed again. Up to this point, Chrysalidocarpus must be content with the nutrients present in the soil.
Growing from seeds
What could be more interesting than growing a real tropical palm tree from a seed? Generative reproduction of chrysalidocarpus is carried out as follows:
- Before sowing, exotic seeds are soaked for 2-4 days in warm water or in a weak solution of sulfuric acid.
- A layer of expanded clay or broken brick for drainage is laid at the bottom of the planting tank, and a mixture of soddy soil, leaf humus and sand (3: 1: 1) is poured over it.
- Seeds are sown in moistened soil, the container is covered with a film and placed in a very warm (+25 ... +30 ° C) place, for example, on a battery.
- Before germination, the greenhouse is regularly ventilated so that the seeds do not rot, and, as necessary, moisten the soil from the sprayer.
Under all conditions, the first sprouts should hatch within 2-3 months, but if the seed was not too fresh, then the process can take up to six months. Germination can be inhibited by low ambient temperature and insufficient soil moisture. When the seedlings reach a height of 10 cm, they are planted in separate pots with a diameter of about 10–12 cm. It is undesirable to take spacious flowerpots for the first pick, since the roots of young palms develop much better in small containers and do not rot from excess moisture.
Vegetative reproduction
Chrysalidocarpus easily forms young shoots from the lower adnexal buds, which can be used for reproduction. In spring or summer, a strong offspring, carefully, so as not to damage the roots, is separated from the mother plant and planted in a nutrient substrate under glass and placed in a greenhouse under bright diffused light. Twice a day, in the morning and in the evening, the glass is raised for ventilation, the soil is moistened as needed. When the plant takes root and gets stronger, the shelter is removed.
Possible difficulties
Indoor chrysalidocarpus is practically not affected by fungal and viral infections. All plant health problems are associated with erroneous care or improper keeping conditions:
- The leaves of the plant darken, become covered with brown or chlorotic spots - hard or cold water is used for irrigation. Leaf spot is also observed with systematic waterlogging of the soil, especially in the cold season.
- The palm tree turns yellow and stops developing - a sign of nutritional deficiency. Uneven watering, low ambient temperature and drafts walking around the room can provoke massive yellowing of the foliage.
- The tips of the leaves turn brown and dry - in the room where the palm tree grows, it is too dry or not warm enough.
- The lower leaves dry and fall off - this is a natural aging process, about which you should not worry.
Popular types
In nature, there are more than 20 plants of the Chrysalidocarpus genus, of which only 2 are suitable for growing indoors:
- Chrysalidocarpus yellowish - the most common species in culture. It is a multi-stemmed palm with orange-yellow shoots, densely branching at the base. Large segmented leaves reach a length of 2 m and a width of 1 m. Long furrowed petioles are covered with hard dark scales that fall off over time. In nature, yellowish chrysalidocarpus is found along the banks of rivers and lakes of the Madagascar Peninsula.
- Chrysalidocarpus Madagascar is a palm tree with a thick (about 20–30 cm in diameter) single trunk and smooth, feathery leaves collected in bunches. The length of the leaf plate is about 40 cm, width - 2 cm.
Can't make up your mind to buy chrysalidocarpus? Well, then a few more words in his favor: this plant actively absorbs carbon dioxide, formaldehyde and other toxic impurities from the air. Experts say that 4 specimens of medium height are enough to completely purify the air in a spacious office space, and one palm tree is enough for an ordinary apartment. With the advent of such a useful pet, your home will be filled with the unique atmosphere of the sea coast, in which it will be so pleasant to relax after returning from a dusty, smoky city.
