Beautiful Margarita is an integral part of the grandiose work "The Master and Margarita". Her image is associated with freedom, with true love, with true creativity. Therefore, M. Bulgakov paid special attention to her person.
The reader does not get to know her right away. At the beginning of the work, we observe longing and boredom, he is looking for and waiting for the appearance of true love. And this happens precisely with the advent of the bewitching Margarita. The author told us a story about the former life of the heroine. At first glance, the girl is absolutely happy. Her husband loves her, he provides Margarina with all the benefits. People around me envied such a life. In fact, the girl was looking for love and warmth, she sorely lacked understanding and meaning in life. Margarita was constantly waiting for a turn of events, changes that should make her happier. And so it happened.
A chance meeting with the Master filled the girl's life with a new breath. She became a muse for him. At the first meeting, they fell in love with each other. The man, inspired by such an acquaintance, began to write his magnificent novel with renewed vigor. It was Margarita who first called him the Master, after reading the first lines.
The main character of the novel was very similar to Bulgakov's real muse - his wife. It was she who inspired the writer to create such interesting creative works, it was she who was with him to the last.
Margarita is identified with a symbol of fidelity and devotion. Despite the fact that she cheated on her lawful husband, the girl never betrayed true love and faith in the creative abilities of her lover. It was Margarita who helped the Master find the editors, who fearfully printed several chapters of the novel.
After that, ridicule of the creator, persecution and ridicule of his work began. Such a reaction from society drives the Master crazy, and he renounces his work. He goes to a mental hospital. He does not even recognize Margarita, so as not to drag his beloved into even more trouble. The girl is in despair, she is unhappy, she keeps the remnants of the novel as a memory of her beloved.
In the chapter of the novel "Flight", Margarita becomes a witch. After meeting with the mystical Woland, she decides to gain freedom and go beyond reality. The girl makes a deal with Satan, she becomes his queen, and all just to find out at least a little news about her beloved Master, in order to free him from the clinic.
After such an act, the reader really understands how much she loved the Master, how devoted and true to her feelings she was. Such an act surprised Satan himself. He rewards Margarita for her bravery and brings the Master's burnt novel back to life. Woland gave the author of the novel eternal rest, and Margarita deserved only the Light. It was her image that became a symbol of devotion and fidelity to one's feelings. And he passed through the centuries, he was transferred to our time.
"He who loves must share the fate of the one he loves"
Bulgakov's most famous novel, The Master and Margarita, is a multi-layered work in which there are several plans (including temporary ones), many themes, rich problems and a bitter satire on society under the yoke of the Stalinist regime. Writers who denounce the vices of society, individual citizens or the political regime always want to ask: "Who is to blame - have we already understood what to do?". Unlike many of them, Mikhail Bulgakov gives the answer: salvation is in love. Not in religion, not in another political system, not in hermitage and oblivion, but precisely in all-consuming, courageous, selfless love.
The relationship between the Master and Margarita is forbidden from the point of view of public morality. She is the wife of a successful man, he is lonely. The disgraced writer could not fit into Soviet life, and it was dangerous to greet him. In the repressive Stalinist times, the authorities spared no one: the victims of an unprecedented genocide (when the ruler exterminates his own people) number in the millions. It is not surprising that the Master wanted to save Margarita from the fate of the wife of a criminal, and, perhaps, a widow, and an exile, and a prisoner. Taken by whole families. He could not offer the chosen one even a tenth of what her husband provided for her.
Margarita, in turn, could not just take and leave the family. With such a rash act, she would not leave her beloved a choice, he would be forced to earn money, that is, he must strangle the creator in himself, a thinking person, an honest and free man. Margarita could kill the Master in her lover? No. Therefore, they remained lovers and keenly felt their humiliating, servile position; a life of lies oppressed these sincere people. Thus, their union from the very beginning was doomed to martyrdom, even if they were married legally.
But what is legal marriage? This society ridiculed by Bulgakov decides what is legal? Or cruel power, mired in vices? Probably, marriage can only be called a civil union, that is, relations between citizens. People are citizens in relation to the state. But what right does the state have to teach us morality? Is this the state that exterminates, poisons and humiliates us? No one, except the loving people themselves, can judge whether their feeling is moral. How many virtuous wives will share any fate with her husband? Unfortunately no. Their oaths are empty formalities. And Margarita, without promises and promises, made a deal with the devil, just to find out what happened to the Master. She sacrificed not only her body, but also her soul. The two are bound by an inseparable bond.
The Master also donated. When he got under arrest, and then in a lunatic asylum, he did not look for a way to inform Margot about his trouble. She, using her husband's connections and money, could do something for her lover, or at least brighten up his leisure. But he, on the contrary, tried to erase her from his memory, hoping that she would forget him, that she would at least live in safety and comfort. For the good of the beloved woman, the Master wanted to leave her heart, free her, because without him Margarita could count on a calm, secure existence. The highest power of this love is in complete self-denial. The same silent feat was accomplished, for example, by Zheltkov in Kuprin's Garnet Bracelet.
Margarita's love lies not only in sacrifice, but also in the fact that she accepted and understood the Creator in her beloved. She loved his novel, perceived his fate as her own. By destroying the apartment of the critic Latunsky, Margot took revenge for the offended, unaccepted creativity of the Master, took revenge for all the rejected and forgotten free art. In this fragment, she is the vengeful Clio, the muse of history. Under its blows, the deceitful opportunism that portrays culture in front of the dictator perishes. Not many women can share the husband's calling, his divine destiny. Margot, on the other hand, understands everything, and therefore takes care and protects the Master, who is less adapted to practical life.
Political realities, it must be said, do not depend much on society. Similarly, society depends little on the individual. He comes into society and either accepts its charter, or brings his own and pays for it. If the situation in the surrounding world squeezes a person out of a slave, then how can one accept it? The only way to preserve identity and sanity is to love so much that the best qualities prevail over the worst, and the outside world recedes into the background and cannot take away freedom from the individual. Today, no one takes away anything, we ourselves give up independence for illusory benefits, a career, ostentatious success and pseudo-happiness, indistinguishable from comfort. Bulgakov foresaw this and wanted to warn the reader. The most important thing is harmony in the inner world, it depends only on us and on our ability to accept love "like a killer from around the corner."
Interesting? Save it on your wall!The story of the Master and Margarita is known even to those who have never read the work of Mikhail Bulgakov. One of the eternal, timeless themes, the theme of love in the novel "The Master and Margarita" by Bulgakov attracts with depth and sincerity.
Heroes before meeting each other
Through the mouth of the Master himself, Bulgakov tells us about his life before meeting the heroine. A historian by education, the hero worked in one of the museums of the capital, sometimes “engaged in translations” (he knew several languages). He was lonely, he had few acquaintances in Moscow. Having won a lot of money on a bond received at work, he rented basement rooms in a small house, bought the necessary books and began to write a novel about Pontius Pilate. The master, who then had a name, was going through his "golden age". The coming spring was beautiful, the novel about Pilate "flew to the end."
One day, “something much more delightful happened” than a big win - the Master met a woman, very beautiful, with “unusual, unseen loneliness in her eyes”, and from that moment his life became full.
This woman was beautiful, wealthy, married to a young successful specialist, and, by the standards of the people around her, completely prosperous. Talking about it, the author exclaims: “Gods, my gods! What did this woman need! The heroine is lonely and unhappy - there is no love in her life. Meaning came to Margarita's life together with the Master.
So from the story of a seemingly random meeting of heroes, the theme of love begins to sound in the novel The Master and Margarita.
The problem of love in the novel
Love did not make the heroes better or worse - it, like a true feeling, made them different.
The Master and Margarita realized that "fate itself brought them together and that they were created for each other forever." Love “struck us instantly”, “struck us both at once! - the Master exclaims, talking with the poet Bezdomny, - lightning strikes so, Finnish knife strikes so! - forever and irrevocably.
The master was now creating a great novel, he was inspired by his beloved. Margarita, on the other hand, found happiness by becoming the "secret wife", a friend and like-minded person of the writer. And, just as there was not “not a soul” in the alley along which, when they first met, the heroes walked, so in their new life there was no place for anyone: only two and their common cause - a novel created by the Master.
The novel was completed, and "the hour came when I had to leave the secret shelter and go out into life."
The world of literature, the reality into which the Master is immersed - the world of opportunism, mediocrity and denial of talent, breaks him.
Heroes have to confront the world around them. Following the fate of the writer and his beloved, we see how the problem of love is solved in many ways in the novel The Master and Margarita.
Love of the Master and Margarita: selflessness and disinterestedness
Bulgakov writes a story of selfless and disinterested love.
Margarita accepts the interests of the hero as her own, she does everything to make her beloved happy and calm, this is now the meaning of her existence, she inspires the writer, helps to create and makes him a Master. Their life becomes one.
Not feeling happy for a minute in the Gothic mansion, Margarita nevertheless cannot hurt her husband, leave without explaining anything, because he “did no harm” to her.
The master who created a brilliant but "untimely" novel is broken. "I'm nobody now." He wants nothing more than to see his beloved, but he considers himself not entitled to break her life.
Mercy and compassion in the love of heroes
Love in The Master and Margarita is merciful and compassionate.
The feeling that the heroine feels for the chosen one is inextricably linked with her love for people. Dignifiedly fulfilling the role of the queen at the ball of Satan, she bestows love and attention on all great sinners. Her own suffering prompts her to save others from the suffering: without even thinking, "a person of exceptional kindness", "a highly moral person" whether she asks Woland not for herself, but for the forgiveness of Frida, the repentant killer of her own child.
Even in a fit of revenge, love allows Margarita to remain a woman, sensitive and merciful. The “wild rout” perpetrated by the heroine stopped as soon as she saw a frightened baby in one of the windows. Thirsty for reprisals against the critic Latunsky, who killed the Master, Margarita is not able to doom him to death. Turning her into a witch does not deprive her of the main thing - true femininity.
The lovers take the last step before dissolving into eternity together. Margarita demands to release the soul of Pilate, who has been tormented by conscience for so long, but the Master gets the opportunity to do this, ending the novel with one phrase: “Free! Free! He is waiting for you!"
Faithful and eternal love of the Master and Margarita
Left alone, having no news of her beloved, Margarita keeps her feelings and hope for a meeting. She doesn't care how and where it will take place, who will arrange it.
It is in the work "The Master and Margarita" that the theme of eternal love and fidelity as the saving power of the human soul is revealed to us by the author. What a person is capable of in order to keep his love - this is what the story makes us think about.
To learn about the Master is the only desire of the desperate Margarita, for the sake of which one can believe in anything, turn into a witch, become the hostess of the ball of Satan himself. For her, the boundaries of Light and Darkness are erased: “Otherworldly or not otherworldly - it doesn’t matter,” she is sure. Yeshua read the novel, asks to give peace to the writer and his beloved, and the “prince of darkness” “arranges” peace. Margarita will remain with her beloved forever, next to him death does not frighten. “I will take care of your sleep,” she says, walking with the Master to their eternal home.
The power of love relieves the Master of suffering, makes him strong (“I will never allow cowardice again,” he promises the heroine) and returns to the world his brilliant novel.
The theme of love in Bulgakov's work is perhaps so poignant and authentic because the author had the good fortune to love himself and be loved by the woman who embodied in the image of Margarita.
Time goes by, the story of eternal love, told on the pages of The Master and Margarita, does not age, convincing that true love exists.
Many contemporaries tried to give their own analysis of love in the novel and the reasons for its appearance, the above reasoning is designed to help 11 classes when writing an essay on the topic “Love in Bulgakov’s Master and Margarita”.
Artwork test
Lesson outline.
Literature lesson on the topic:
Goals:
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""Betrayal and fidelity in M. Bulgakov's novel "Master and Margarita""."
Teacher: Roy Svetlana Mikhailovna.
Lesson outline.
Literature lesson on the topic:
"Betrayal and fidelity in M. Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita"".
Goals:
Analyzing the work, bring students to the answer to the question: “What is cowardice, betrayal and loyalty?”;
To develop imaginative thinking, creativity of students, to form a communicative culture of students;
To form a sense of responsibility to time and people.
During the classes:
Updating students' knowledge.
- In what years did M. Bulgakov work on the novel "The Master and Margarita"? What was that time?
- Why was the novel not published during the life of the writer?
Motivation of students' activity.
- In the densely populated world of Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita" there are many heroes. Some of them remain faithful to their beliefs, loyalty to each other until the last days of their lives. Others became apostates and traitors.
How do traitors appear? And what is loyalty? Do you think it is necessary to talk about it today? I hope that we can reasonably answer these questions at the end of the lesson.
Induction.
The teacher reads an excerpt from the novel (ch. 2) "Why are you a tramp ..."
I. Ehrenburg "Loyalty"
Loyalty to you only. Loyalty
Century, seas, fate,
If endure. Without a fairy tale
Ask - directly answer,
If to the pole - without a bandage, -
Loyalty knows how to look.
Self-construction.
- Which of the characters in this scene behaves like a real hero, remaining true to his beliefs? Who has strayed from their beliefs?
And now formulate what is betrayal and loyalty?
Group work.
1 group.
1. What surprised Pontius Pilate in Yeshua's story?
Follow. How does Pilate behave during the interrogation of Ha-Nozri?
Why did the procurator approve the death sentence of the Sanhedrin, although he knew Yeshua was not guilty.
2 group.
How was Pilate punished for his betrayal?
Why does he have a dream that he did not send Yeshua to be executed, that they are walking along the moonlit path together and talking peacefully?
What is the final fate of Pilate? Why was he forgiven?
How is Pilate's betrayal different from Judas' betrayal?
3rd group.
How did Yeshua Bulgakov portray? In what is this philosopher and healer unshakable?
Why was Yeshua dangerous for totalitarian Rome? What is his strength?
Can we say that he "deserved the light"?
4 group.
Why was persecution of the Master organized? What did not suit the writers in the novel written by the Master?
Why did the Master end up in a psychiatric clinic?
Why the Master “did not deserve the light. He deserves rest."
5 group
How traitors and informers were punished by Woland in Moscow
Which of the heroes is worthy of eternal death? Why?
6 group
Is it possible to say that Matthew Levi is a faithful disciple of Yeshua, and Ivan Ponyrev is a Master?
Prove that the love of the Master and Margarita was real, true and eternal.
Presentation of your work.
What is the meaning of the gospel story reproduced in the novel?
Why do apostates and traitors appear?
Creation.
Students complete the definitions they wrote down earlier.
Composition-miniature "Cowardice - the mother of cruelty."
Reflection.
What did today's lesson make us think about?
Homework.
History of the Master;
The depiction of the art world in the novel.
The problem of creativity in Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita".
There is a sorceress in this chamber
Before me lived alone:
Her shadow is still visible
New moon eve.
A. Akhmatova
More than sixty years have passed since the death of the great M. Bulgakov.
The gravestone of the writer at the Novodevichy cemetery was a stone from the grave of his beloved N.V. Gogol. Now it has two names on it. Next to her Master rests his Margarita, Elena Sergeevna Bulgakova. It was she who became the prototype of this most captivating female image in Russian literature of the 20th century.
“Follow me, reader! Who told you that there is no true ... love in the world? .. Follow me, reader, and only me, and I will show you such love! This is how Bulgakov begins the second part of his “sunset” novel, as if anticipating the joy of a story about an inspired feeling at first sight.
The meeting of heroes happens by chance.
The master tells the poet Bezdomny about her. So, before us is a woman in a black spring coat, carrying “disgusting, disturbing, yellow flowers” in her hands. The hero was struck not so much by her beauty, “how much
Why is Margarita so lonely? What is missing in her life? After all, she has a young and handsome husband, who, moreover, “adored his wife”, lives in a beautiful mansion in one of the Arbat lanes, and does not need money.
What did this woman need, in whose eyes some incomprehensible fire burned! Is he, the master, a man from a wretched basement apartment, lonely, withdrawn? And before our eyes a miracle happened, about which Bulgakov wrote so vividly: “.. I suddenly ... realized that I had loved this woman all my life!”. Appearing as a sudden insight, instantly flashed love is stronger than everyday hardships, suffering, stronger than death.
This woman became not just the secret wife of the artist, but his Muse: “She promised fame, urged him on, and then she began to call him a master.”
They were happy and calm together.
But here comes the dark days: the written novel was subjected to fierce criticism. The love idyll ended, the struggle began. And it was Margarita who was ready for it. Neither bullying, nor a serious illness, nor the disappearance of a lover can extinguish love. Like Levi Matthew, she is ready to give up everything in order to follow the Master and, if necessary, die with him. Margarita is the only real reader of the novel about Pontius Pilate, his critic and defender.
For Bulgakov, fidelity in love and perseverance in creativity are phenomena of the same order. Moreover, Margarita turns out to be stronger than the master. She is not familiar with either the feeling of fear or confusion before life. “I believe,” the woman repeats this word all the time. She is ready to pay for her love
in full: “Oh, really, I would lay my soul to the devil just to find out if he is alive or not!”.
The devil was not long in coming. Azazello's miraculous cream, a flying mop and other attributes of a witch become in the novel symbols of spiritual liberation from a hated house, from an honest and kind, but such a strange husband: “Margarita felt free from everything ... she leaves the mansion and her former life forever!” .
An entire chapter is devoted to the flight of Margarita. Fantasy, grotesque here reach the highest intensity. The ecstasy of flying over the “mists of the dewy world” is replaced by a completely realistic revenge on Latunsky. And the “wild destruction” of the hated critic’s apartment is adjacent to the words of tenderness addressed to a four-year-old boy.
At Woland's ball, we meet the new Margarita, the all-powerful queen, a member of the satanic coven. And all this for the sake of a loved one. However, for Margarita, love is closely connected with mercy. Even after becoming a witch, she does not forget about others. Because her first request is for Frida. Conquered by the nobility of a woman, Woland returns to her not only her beloved, but also a burnt romance: after all, true love and true creativity are not subject to either decay or fire.
We see the lovers again in their small apartment. “Margarita was crying quietly from the shock and happiness experienced. The notebook, warped by fire, lay in front of her.
But Bulgakov does not prepare a happy ending for his heroes. In a world where soullessness and lies triumph, there is no place for love or creativity.
It is interesting that in the novel there are two pictures of the death of lovers.
One of them is quite realistic, giving an accurate version of death. At the moment when the patient, placed in the 118th room of the Stravinsky Clinic, died in his bed, at the other end of Moscow in a Gothic mansion Margarita Nikolaevna left her room, suddenly turned pale, clutched her heart and fell to the floor.
In terms of fantasy, our heroes drink Falerno wine and are transported to another world, where they are promised eternal rest. “Listen to the silence,” Margarita said to the master, and the sand rustled under her bare feet, “listen and enjoy what you were not given in life, silence ... I will take care of your sleep.”
Now in our memory they will forever remain together even after death.
And the stone from Gogol's grave went deep into the ground, as if protecting M. Bulgakov and his Margarita from vanity and worldly hardships, preserving this all-conquering love.
- New!
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